Dos and don'ts of a cover letter

A cover letter has a short window to make an impression. These dos and don'ts are the difference between a letter a recruiter reads and one they skim past.

Do

• Do name the role and company up front. The first line should say exactly what you are applying for and to whom.
• Do give one specific, measurable result. "I cut costs by 15%" beats "I am a hard worker." Numbers and outcomes convince.
• Do tailor it. Mention something specific about this company or role. Generic letters say "I sent this to everyone."
• Do show, not tell. Demonstrate the skill through what you did, rather than claiming you have it.
• Do keep it short. A few tight paragraphs. A one-page letter that is clear beats a two-page ramble.
• Do proofread. An error in an application reads as carelessness.

Don't

• Don't use vague claims. "Passionate," "dedicated," "team player" — on their own these say nothing. Back them with evidence.
• Don't repeat your CV. The letter is for what a CV cannot say: your fit, your reason, your specific value.
• Don't use the same letter for every job. A template is fine; the content must be tailored. Skimmers spot a form letter.
• Don't be too long or digressive. Unrelated detail wastes the reader's attention.
• Don't be too clever or casual. Unless the industry is creative and casual, err on the side of professional.
• Don't apologise. Do not pre-emptively explain weaknesses. Present your strengths.

The quick test

If you removed your name and achievements, would this letter fit any role at any company? If yes, it is too generic. Make it specific to this job.

Checklist

• I name the role and company up front.
• I gave a specific, measurable result.
• The letter is tailored to this company.
• I showed skills through evidence, not adjectives.
• I kept it short and focused.
• I proofread and did not apologise.